بررسی عددی و آزمایشگاهی بلندای پیزومتریک و نیمرخ سطح آب جریان ماندگار در محیط متخلخل سنگریزه ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی عمران سازه‌های هیدرولیکی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب و سازه‌های هیدرولیکی، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

چکیده

در این تحقیق محیط متخلخل سنگریزه­ای با سه دانه­بندی مختلف در یک کانال آزمایشگاهی روباز با عمق 0.8 و پهنای 1 و طول 13 متر تهیه شده و در هر دانه­بندی جریان ماندگار با 4 دبی مختلف برقرار شده است. سپس عمق آب و بلندای پیزومتریک در 23 نقطه طول محیط ثبت گردیده است. براساس داده­های ثبت شده بین مقادیر بلندای پیزومتریک و عمق آب تفاوت قابل ملاحظه­ای وجود دارد که ناشی از افت انرژی ناشی از اثر نیروی درگ می­ باشد. در بخش دوم معادله انرژی به عنوان معادله اصلی حاکم در نظر گرفته شد و با حل آن بلندای فشار پیزومتریک در تمام نقاط محاسبه شده است. در گام بعد با اعمال افت انرژی ناشی از اثر نیروی درگ نیمرخ سطح آب با دقت مناسبی محاسبه گردیده است. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده متوسط خطا بین هر سه نوع سنگریزه در محاسبه بلندای پیزومتریک  3.3 درصد می­باشد. همچنین مقدار متوسط خطا در محاسبه نیمرخ سطح آب با در نظر گرفتن اثر نیروی درگ 2.36 درصد و بدون لحاظ کردن این اثر 13.44 درصد حاصل شده است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Pizometric Head and Water Surface Profile of Steady Flow in Porous Media

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Hajikazeiman 1
  • Jalal Bazarghan 2
1 Department of Water Engineering and Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering and Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this article, pressure on the floor and water surface profile at steady flow in rockfill material (coarse grain aggregate) is survived experimentally and numerically. Porous media with small, medium and coarse grading was prepared in a 15 meter length, 1 meter wide and 0.8 meter height laboratory open channel. Pressure changes with pizometers which are installed on bed and water depth with reading from channel side are recorded. Steady flow is established with 3 flows and 12 tests are done totally. Based on experimental data coefficients of binominal relation are calculated with accuracy. Gradual varied flow relations have been used as governing equations. Based on recorded data, there is significant different between pizometric and water depth which amount of that is less in first of media and reach to maximum in end points. Frictional loose of drag force is reason of this deference. In the following, with solving of energy equation, pressure depth in all points is calculated with accuracy and then with applying of the mentioned energy loose, water depth and water surface profile are calculated. As a results, average error of pizometeric head in whole tests is 3.3 percent and mean error of water profile calculation are 2.36 and 13.44 percent for with and without considering of drag force effect Respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drag force
  • Gradual varied flow
  • Porous media
  • Water surface profile
  • Pizometric head

مراجع

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