ارزیابی شاخص های توسعه پایدار در اجرای سازه های زیربنایی با جایگزینی پوزولان طبیعی دارای سیلیکات و آلومینات بالا در ملات پایه سیمانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.

2 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.

3 دانشیار دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.

چکیده

رویکرد به توسعه پایدار و مسایل زیست محیطی در اجرای پروژه های زیربنایی دارای اهمیت زیاد است و نیازهای نسل‌های بعدی را تامین نموده و از خطرات جدی مثل گرمایش زمین که عواقب خطرناک برای اکوسیستم دارد و زندگی افراد و جانوران را تهدید می‌کند، جلوگیری میکند. سیمان دارای کابرد فراوان در همه پروژه های عمرانی دارد ولی تولید سیمان باعث مصرف انرژی بیشتر و افزایش تولید گازهای گلخانه‌ای خصوصاً دی اکسیدکربن می‌شود. در این تحقیق آزمایشگاهی رفتار مکانیکی (مقاومت فشاری) و شاخص‌های توسعه پایدار ملات سیمانی حاوی پوزولان طبیعی دارای آلومینات سیلیکات بالا با درصد های مختلف پوزولان (مصالح بومی) به عنوان جایگزین بخشی از سیمان (6، 13 و 20 درصد) در ملات های سیمانی در قالب 8 طرح اختلاط و متغییر های مثل دانه بندی ماسه، نسبت آب بر سیمان با مقاومت الی 13 مگاپاسکال مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. یافته های آزمایشگاهی نشان داد که استفاده از 13 درصد پوزولان طبیعی حاوی سیلیکات و آلومینات بالا به عنوان جایگزین سیمان در ملات مقاومت فشاری 56 روزه 2.23 درصد نسبت به نمونه‌های مرجع افزایش داده است. ضمنا از تحلیل و ارزیابی شاخص های توسعه پایدار این ملات نتیجه گیری می‌شود که درصد بهینه جایگزینی با سیمان در ملات، منجر به کاهش پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی و مصرف انرژی به میزان 13 درصد در تولید یک تن سیمان به روش معمولی می‌گردد که نقش مثبت را در تغییر اقلیم، کاهش آلودگی هوا و گازهای گلخانه‌ای بازی می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Sustainable Development Indicators of Infrastructures by Replacing Natural Pozzolans with High Silicate and Alumina in Cement-Based Mortar

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Najiam Wahedy 1
  • Mohammad Kazem Sharbatdar 2
  • Omid Rezaifar 3
1 Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
2 Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The focus on sustainable development is increasing and it is given great importance. Sustainability be able to meet the needs of future generations and mitigate serious risks such as global warming. Cement is one of the building materials which no construction on the ground is possible to build. Cement production increases energy consumption and increases the production of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. In this experimental study, mechanical behaviour (compressive strength) and sustainable development indicators of cement mortar containing natural pozzolans consist of high silicate aluminate with different percentages (6, 13 and 20%) partially substitute with cement in mortars with 8 mix designs and variables were sand and water to cement ratio with strength of up to 13 MPa have been investigated. Findings showed that the use of 13% of natural pozzolans containing high silicate and aluminate as a cement substitute after 56-days of curing increased the compressive strength of mortar by 2.23% compared to the reference samples. In addition, the analysis and evaluation of sustainable development indicators of this mortar concludes that the optimal percentage of replacement with cement in the mortar, leads to a reduction in global warming potential and energy consumption by 13% in the production of one ton of cement in the conventional way. That plays a positive role to help climate change, reducing air pollution and reduce emission of greenhouse gases.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainable Development Indicators
  • Cement Mortar
  • Natural Pozzolan
  • High Silicate Aluminate
  • Infrastructure Structures
[1] Setoda, A., & Bedokhti, H. (2015). Sustainablility in Construction Industry, Professional Engineering, Construction Management & Projects first Conference, Semnan, Iran. [In Persian]
[2] Rezai, A., & Najafi, A. (2017). The study of sustainable development in the construction industry with the approach of theories, goals and dimensions, International Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture and Modern Urban Management. [In Persian]
[3] Kweku, D. W., Bismark, O., Maxwell, A., Desmond, K. A., Danso, K. B., Oti-Mensah, E. A., ... & Adormaa, B. B. (2018). Greenhouse effect: greenhouse gases and their impact on global warming, Journal of Scientific research and reports, 17(6), 1-9. doi: 10.9734/JSRR/2017/39630
[4] USEPA. (2019). Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions. United States Environmental Protection Agency, https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions.
[5] Dehghan, M., & Rahimi, M. (2016). Sustainability in Construcin and Green Buildings, The 4th National Applied Research Conference in Civil Engineering, Architecture and urban Planning, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]
[6] Assadi, N. (2020). Environmental Impacts of Cement Production with LCA : A Case Study on Ghori Cement Plant in Afghanistan, Master Thesis, Graduate School of International Resource Sciences, University of Akita, Japan.
[7] Show, K. Y., Tay, J. H., & Lee, D. J. (2018). Sustainable Sludge Management: Resource Recovery for Construction Applications. World Scientific.
[8] WMO. (2020). State of the global climate: provisional report. World Meteorological Organisation.
[9] Jahanbakhsh, H., & Begi, K,. (2017). Green buildings illustration. 1, Kasra publication, Mashhad. [In Persian]
[10] Lehne, J., & Preston, F. (2018). Making concrete change. Innovation in Low-carbon Cement and Concrete.
[11] Green building education services. (2009). Green associate exam preparation study guide. LEED v4 edition. 
[12] Zari Jafarabad, A., & Yaqoti, F. (2013). Sustainable urban development Indicators, The first national conference on architecture and sustainable urban spaces, Mashhad, Iran. [In Persian]
[13] Shamaghdari, M., Sharbatdar, M. K., & Rezaifar, O. (2022). Prediction of the Amount of Energy Consumed in Existing Educational Buildings Using Artificial Neural Networks and Its Effects on Reducing Carbon Dioxide (Case Study of Mashhad Schools), Civil Infrastructure Researches, 7(2), 169-183. doi: 10.22091/cer.2021.7445.1310 [In Persian] 
[14] Akramai, G., & Alipour, L. (2015). The role of local materials in sustainable architecture from an environmental point of view, Housing and rural environment journal (jhre.ir), 156, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian] 
[15] Khosravi, S., Rezaifar, O., Gholhaki, M., & Qiyami Taklymi, S. M. (2021). Investigation Experimental Of the Concrete Properties Containing Bentonite and Zeolite as Natural Pozzolan, Civil Infrastructure Researches, 6(2), 79-93. doi: 10.22091/cer.2021.6931.1248 [In Persian]
[16] Sobolev, K., Kozhukhova, M., Sideris, K., Menéndez, E., & Santhanam, M. (2018). Alternative supplementary cementitious materials. Properties of Fresh and Hardened Concrete Containing Supplementary Cementitious Materials: State-of-the-Art Report of the RILEM Technical Committee 238-SCM, Working Group 4, 233-282.
[17] Iran Standard and Industrial Research Institute. (1994). Characteristics of natural pozzolans, No, 3433. [In Persian]
[18] ASTMC311. (2003) Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use. 04, 1-9.
[19] Obaid, M. K., Nasr, M. S., Ali, I. M., Shubbar, A. A. F., & Hashim, K. S. (2021). Performance of green mortar made from locally available waste tiles and silica fume, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 16(1), 136-151.
[20] Modi, F., & Ramzaianpour, A. (1998). Evaluation of pozzolanic mortars based on microsilica against acidic and chloride corrosive environments, concrete research 12th year, 3(3), 5-15. [In Persian]
[21] Lv, X., Dong, Y., Wang, R., Lu, C., & Wang, X. (2020). Resistance improvement of cement mortar containing silica fume to external sulfate attacks at normal temperature, Construction and Building Materials, 258, 119630. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119630
[22] Alqahtani, F. K., Rashid, K., Zafar, I., Khan, M. I., & Ababtain, A. A. (2021). Production of sustainable green mortar by ultrahigh utilization of fly ash: Technical, economic and environmental assessment, Construction and Building Materials, 281, 122617. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122617
[23] Hsu, S., Chi, M., & Huang, R. (2018). Effect of fineness and replacement ratio of ground fly ash on properties of blended cement mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 176, 250-258. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.060
[24] Kabay, N., Miyan, N., & Özkan, H. (2021). Utilization of pumice powder and glass microspheres in cement mortar using paste replacement methodology, Construction and Building Materials, 282, 122691. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122691
[25] Sharbatdar, M. K., & Ahmadi, P. (2019). Investigating the effect of compressive strength of repair mortars containing slag in compatibility test with bed concrete, 11th National Concrete Conference, Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Center, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]
[26] Iqbali boqrabad, N., & Rahmani, H. (2014). Investigating the effect of zeolite on the mechanical properties of cement-sand mortars, The 15th conference of civil engineering students across the country, Urmai, Iran. [In Persian]
[27] Sam, A. R. M., Usman, J., & Sumadi, S. R. (2017). Properties of binary and ternary blended cement mortars containing palm oil fuel ash and metakaolin, Journal of the Chinese institute of engineers, 40(2), 170-178. doi: 10.1080/02533839.2017.1287594
[28] Seifan, M., Mendoza, S., & Berenjian, A. (2020). Mechanical properties and durability performance of fly ash based mortar containing nano-and micro-silica additives, Construction and Building Materials, 252, 119121. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119121
[29] Nasr, D., Behforouz, B., Borujeni, P. R., Borujeni, S. A., & Zehtab, B. (2019). Effect of nano-silica on mechanical properties and durability of self-compacting mortar containing natural zeolite: Experimental investigations and artificial neural network modeling, Construction and Building Materials, 229, 116888. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116888
[30] Liu, Y., Lei, S., Lin, M., Xia, Z., Pei, Z., & Li, B. (2018). Influence of calcined coal-series kaolin fineness on properties of cement paste and mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 171, 558-565. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.117
[31] Mehta, P. K., & Monteiro, P. J. (2014). Concrete: microstructure, properties, and materials. McGraw-Hill Education.
[32] Subaşı, A., & Emiroğlu, M. (2015). Effect of metakaolin substitution on physical, mechanical and hydration process of White Portland cement, Construction and Building Materials, 95, 257-268. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.125
[33] Lei, S. M., Lin, M., Xia, Z. J., Pei, Z. Y., & Li, B. (2018). Influence of calcined coal-series kaolin fineness on properties of cement paste and mortar [J], Construction and Building Materials, 171, 558-565. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.117
[34] Teixeira, E. R., Mateus, R., Camões, A., & Branco, F. G. (2019). Quality and durability properties and life-cycle assessment of high volume biomass fly ash mortar, Construction and Building Materials, 197, 195-207. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.173
[35] Haque, M. B., Tuhin, I. A., & Farid, M. S. S. (2012). Effect of aggregate size distribution on concrete compressive strength, SUST journal of science and technology, 19(5), 35-39.
[36] Singh, S. B., Munjal, P., & Thammishetti, N. (2015). Role of water/cement ratio on strength development of cement mortar, Journal of Building Engineering, 4, 94-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2015.09.003
[37] Ramezanianpour, A. A. (2014). Cement Replacement Materials, Properties, Durability, Sustainability, Springer Berlin, Heidelberg.
[38] Mohit, M., Ranjbar, A., & Sharifi, Y. (2021). Mechanical and microstructural properties of mortars incorporating ceramic waste powder exposed to the hydrochloric acid solution, Construction and Building Materials, 271, 121565. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121565
[39] Van den Heede, P., & De Belie, N. (2012). Environmental impact and life cycle assessment (LCA) of traditional and ‘green’concretes: Literature review and theoretical calculations, Cement and Concrete Composites, 34(4), 431-442. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.01.004
[40] Gettu, R., Patel, A., Rathi, V., Prakasan, S., Basavaraj, A. S., Palaniappan, S., & Maity, S. (2019). Influence of supplementary cementitious materials on the sustainability parameters of cements and concretes in the Indian context, Materials and Structures, 52, 1-11. doi: 10.1617/s11527-019-1321-5
[41] American's Cement Manufacturer. (2016). Environmental Product Declaration. ASTM Certified, 1-11.
[42] Celik, K., Meral, C., Gursel, A. P., Mehta, P. K., Horvath, A., & Monteiro, P. J. (2015). Mechanical properties, durability, and life-cycle assessment of self-consolidating concrete mixtures made with blended portland cements containing fly ash and limestone powder, Cement and Concrete Composites, 56, 59-72. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.11.003
[43] Yu, J., Mishra, D. K., Hu, C., Leung, C. K., & Shah, S. P. (2021). Mechanical, environmental and economic performance of sustainable Grade 45 concrete with ultrahigh-volume Limestone-Calcined Clay (LCC), Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 175, 105846. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105846
 
 
CAPTCHA Image