ارزیابی اثر پودر شیشه بازیافتی بر بهسازی خاک رسی بنتونیتی تحت عمل‌آوری طبیعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه زمین‌شناسی مهندسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

3 گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش، امکان بهسازی ژئوتکنیکی خاک رسی بنتونیتی با استفاده از پودر شیشه بازیافتی، بدون کاربرد فعال‌کننده شیمیایی را بررسی می‌کند. بدین منظور، مخلوط‌های خاک- پودر شیشه با ۳، ۶، ۹، ۱۲ و ۱۵ درصد وزنی نسبت به وزن خشک خاک تهیه شد. آزمایش‌های حدود اتربرگ، تراکم استاندارد، برش مستقیم و CBR بدون لحاظ زمان عمل‌آوری انجام شدند، در حالی‌که آزمایش‌های مقاومت فشاری تک‌محوری و تحکیم در سنین عمل‌آوری ۷، ۲۸ و ۶۰ روز انجام گرفتند. همچنین، برای بررسی تغییرات ریزساختاری خاک، از تحلیل‌های SEM/EDS استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد افزودن پودر شیشه تا ۱۲ درصد، موجب بهبود قابل ‌توجه رفتار مهندسی خاک می‌شود، به‌گونه‌ای که رطوبت بهینه 13.3 درصد کاهش و دانسیته خشک حداکثر 3.5 درصد افزایش یافت. در این مقدار، چسبندگی و زاویه اصطکاک داخلی به‌ترتیب 14.7 و 35.7 درصد و مقدارCBR  نیز ۳۷ درصد افزایش پیدا کرد. همچنین، مقاومت فشاری تک‌محوری نمونه حاوی ۱۲ درصد پودر شیشه پس از ۶۰ روز عمل‌آوری، ۱۴۰ درصد بیشتر از نمونه شاهد بود. شاخص فشردگی نیز با افزایش مقدار پودر شیشه و زمان عمل‌آوری کاهش یافت که بیانگر بهبود رفتار نشست‌پذیری خاک است. نتایج SEM/EDS نیز کاهش تخلخل، افزایش پیوستگی ماتریس خاک و تشکیل محصولات ژل‌ مانند غنی از سیلیس/آلومینا را نشان داد. در مجموع، بهسازی خاک در کوتاه‌ مدت ناشی از اثر پرکنندگی و قفل ‌و بست ذرات و در بلندمدت ناشی از تشکیل تدریجی ژل‌های اتصال‌دهنده است. بنابراین، پودر شیشه بازیافتی حتی بدون استفاده از فعال‌کننده شیمیایی، می‌تواند گزینه‌ای مؤثر، کم‌هزینه و سازگار با محیط‌زیست برای بهسازی خاک‌های رسی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Recycled Glass Powder for the Improvement of Bentonite Clay under Natural Curing Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Taleb Beydokhti 1
  • Mojtaba Heidari 2
  • Ibrahim Rezaei 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Geology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Engineering Geology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
3 Department of Geology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study investigates the geotechnical improvement potential of bentonitic clay using recycled glass powder without the application of any chemical activator. For this purpose, soil–glass powder mixtures containing 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15% glass powder by dry weight of soil were prepared. Atterberg limits, standard compaction, direct shear, and CBR tests were conducted without considering curing time, whereas unconfined compressive strength and consolidation tests were performed after curing periods of 7, 28, and 60 days. In addition, SEM/EDS analyses were carried out to examine changes in the soil microstructure. The results showed that adding glass powder up to 12% significantly improved the engineering behavior of the soil, reducing the optimum moisture content by 13.3% and increasing the maximum dry density by 3.5%. At this dosage, cohesion and internal friction angle increased by 14.7% and 35.7%, respectively, while the CBR value improved by 37%. Moreover, the unconfined compressive strength of the sample containing 12% glass powder after 60 days of curing was 140% higher than that of the untreated sample. The compression index also decreased with increasing glass powder content and curing time, indicating improved settlement behavior. SEM/EDS results further revealed reduced porosity, enhanced matrix continuity, and the formation of silica/alumina-rich gel-like products. Overall, short-term soil improvement was mainly attributed to filler and particle interlocking effects, while long-term improvement resulted from the gradual formation of bonding gels. Therefore, recycled glass powder can be considered an effective, low-cost, and environmentally friendly option for the improvement of clayey soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geotechnical improvement
  • . Recycled glass powder. Clayey soil
  • Compressive strength. SEM/EDS

مراجع

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