مدل‌سازی الگوی جریان در سرریزهای نوک اردکی تحت شرایط جریان آزاد و مستغرق با استفاده از FLOW-3D

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه سازه های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 کارشناس ارشد هیدروانفورماتیک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

3 استاد گروه سازه های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه سازه های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

سرریزها از متداول‌ترین و ساده‌ترین سازه‌های اندازه‌گیری و تنظیم جریان هستند که در امتداد محور کانال و عمود بر جهت جریان نصب می‌شوند. سرریز نوک‌اردکی نوعی سرریز با مقطع افقی ذوزنقه‌ای است که با افزایش طول مؤثر تاج نسبت به عرض کانال، ظرفیت عبور جریان را افزایش می‌دهد. در این پژوهش، میدان جریان سه‌بعدی روی سرریزهای نوک‌اردکی با زوایای مرکزی ۱۵، ۳۰، ۴۵، ۶۰ و ۷۵ درجه نسبت به محور کانال، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار FLOW-3D و در دو شرایط جریان آزاد و مستغرق به‌صورت عددی بررسی شد. صحت‌سنجی مدل عددی با داده‌های آزمایشگاهی نشان داد که روند و مقدار دبی محاسبه‌شده با میانگین خطای 2.8 درصد، تطابق خوبی با مقادیر اندازه‌گیری‌شده دارد. مقایسه‌ خطای پیش‌بینی نیم‌رخ سطح آب نیز برتری مدل آشفتگی RNG را نسبت به مدل k-ε تأیید کرد؛ به‌گونه‌ای که شاخص‌های RMSE و AME برای مدل RNG به‌ترتیب 0.0825 و 0.0631 متر و برای مدل k-ε به‌ترتیب 0.0934 و 0.0887 متر به‌دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که در شرایط جریان آزاد، ضریب دبی (Cd) با افزایش زاویه‌ مرکزی کاهش می‌یابد و این کاهش با افزایش بار آبی شدیدتر می‌شود؛ بیشترین افت ضریب دبی در سرریز ۷۵ درجه رخ داد که به طول تاج بیشتر و تداخل جت‌های جریان در ناحیه‌ دماغه نسبت داده می‌شود. در مقابل، در شرایط جریان مستغرق، سرریزهای ۶۰ و ۷۵ درجه به‌دلیل طول مؤثر بیشتر، مقاومت بالاتری در برابر غوطه‌وری از خود نشان دادند، چنان‌که در نسبت غوطه‌وری ثابت، دبی عبوری از سرریز ۷۵ درجه به‌طور متوسط حدود ۳۰ درصد بیشتر از سرریز ۴۵ درجه بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling the Flow Pattern Over Duckbill Weirs Under Free and Submerged Flow Conditions Using FLOW-3D

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammadreza Zayeri 1
  • Mojtaba Jasempour Saeidavi 2
  • Mehdi Ghomeshi 3
  • Mehdi Daryaee 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2 M.Sc. in Hydroinformatics, Department of Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz , Ahvaz, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz , Ahvaz, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
چکیده [English]

Weirs are among the most common and simplest structures for measuring and regulating flow, installed along the channel axis perpendicular to the flow direction. The duckbill weir, with its trapezoidal plan section, increases flow-conveyance capacity by extending the effective crest length relative to the channel width. In this study, the three-dimensional flow field over duckbill weirs with central angles of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 degrees was numerically investigated using FLOW-3D under both free- and submerged-flow conditions. Validation against experimental data showed that the trend and magnitude of the computed discharge agreed well with the measured values, with an average error of 2.8%. Comparison of the water-surface profile prediction errors confirmed the superiority of the RNG turbulence model over the k-ε model; the RMSE and AME values were 0.0825 and 0.0631 m for the RNG model and 0.0934 and 0.0887 m for the k-ε model, respectively. Under free-flow conditions, the discharge coefficient (Cd) decreased as the central angle increased, and this reduction became more pronounced at higher hydraulic heads; the greatest reduction occurred for the 75-degree weir, attributed to its longer crest length and the interference of flow jets in the apex region. Conversely, under submerged-flow conditions, the 60- and 75-degree weirs exhibited greater resistance to submergence owing to their longer effective length, such that at a constant submergence ratio, the discharge over the 75-degree weir was on average about 30% greater than that over the 45-degree weir.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flow pattern
  • Duckbill Weir
  • Discharge coefficient
  • Numerical modeling
  • Submerged flow

مراجع

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