ارزیابی تطبیقی توابع بلوغ نرس- سائول و آرنیوس برای پیش‌بینی مقاومت فشاری بتن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران.

2 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی علوم زمین، دانشگاه صنعتی اراک، اراک، ایران.

3 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران.

چکیده

تخمین دقیق مقاومت فشاری بتن درجا، بدون نیاز به آزمون‌های مخرب، برای برنامه‌ریزی کارآمد ساخت‌وساز و ارزیابی ایمنی امری حیاتی است. روش بلوغ، با ایجاد رابطه بین توسعه مقاومت و تاریخچه دما- زمان، یک رویکرد غیرمخرب ارائه می‌دهد. این مطالعه به بررسی کارایی توابع بلوغ نرس- سائول و آرنیوس در پیش‌بینی مقاومت فشاری یک طرح اختلاط بتن خاص می‌پردازد. هدف اصلی، توسعه و اعتبارسنجی یک مدل ریاضی پایه برای تخمین مقاومت در سنین مختلف براساس بلوغ محاسبه‌شده بود. نمونه‌های آزمایشگاهی در طول فرآیند عمل‌آوری مجهز به سنسورهای جاسازی‌شده برای ثبت داده‌های دما- زمان شدند. مقاومت فشاری در سنین متعدد به‌صورت تجربی تعیین گردید. شاخص‌های بلوغ با استفاده از هر دو تابع نرس- سائول و آرنیوس محاسبه شد. سپس یک رابطه نمایی بین مقاومت و بلوغ از طریق برازش منحنی استخراج گردید. اعتبارسنجی شامل سه سری نمونه مستقل بود که تحت رژیم‌های دمایی متفاوتی عمل‌آوری شده بودند. نتایج نشان داد مدل نمایی به‌دست‌ آمده می‌تواند با دقت بالا، به‌ویژه در سنین بالاتر و با استفاده از هریک از شاخص‌های بلوغ، مقاومت فشاری را پیش‌بینی کند. تحلیل تطبیقی حاکی از آن بود که پیش‌بینی‌های مبتنی بر تابع آرنیوس انطباق به‌مراتب بهتری با داده‌های تجربی نشان می‌دهد، زیرا روش نرس- سائول به‌طور سیستماتیک مقادیر مقاومت را کمی بیش‌برآورد می‌کند. یافته‌ها تأیید می‌کند که یک تابع کالیبره‌شده بلوغ- مقاومت، به‌ویژه تابعی که از رویکرد آرنیوس بهره می‌برد، ابزاری قابل اعتماد و کاربردی برای تخمین غیرمخرب مقاومت فراهم می‌کند و می‌تواند منجر به ایجاد مزایای اقتصادی و ایمنی قابل‌توجهی در مدیریت ساخت‌وساز بتن شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparative Evaluation of Nurse-Saul and Arrhenius Maturity Functions for Predicting Concrete Compressive Strength

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Dastan Diznab 1
  • Ebrahim Fadaei 2
  • Sadegh Rahmati 3
1 Assistant Professor, Institute of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Earth Sciences Engineering, Arak University of Technology, Arak, Iran.
3 Master of Science, Institute of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Accurately estimating the compressive strength of in-place concrete without destructive testing is critical for efficient construction scheduling and safety assessment. The maturity method offers a promising non-destructive approach by correlating strength development with time-temperature history. This study investigates the efficacy of the Nurse-Saul and Arrhenius maturity functions in predicting the compressive strength of a specific concrete mix design. The primary objective was to develop and validate a robust mathematical model to estimate strength at various ages based on calculated maturity. Laboratory specimens were instrumented with embedded sensors to record temperature-time data during curing. Compressive strength was experimentally determined at multiple ages. Maturity indices were computed using both the Nurse-Saul and Arrhenius functions. An exponential strength-maturity relationship was then established through curve-fitting. Validation involved three independent specimen series cured under different temperature regimes. Results demonstrated that the derived exponential model could predict compressive strength with high accuracy, particularly at later ages, using either maturity index. Comparative analysis indicated that predictions based on the Arrhenius function showed marginally better agreement with experimental data, as the Nurse-Saul method consistently produced slightly overestimated strength values. The findings confirm that a calibrated maturity-strength function, especially one utilizing the Arrhenius approach, provides a reliable and practical tool for non-destructive strength estimation, facilitating significant economic and safety benefits in concrete construction management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Concrete Maturity
  • Compressive Strength
  • Nurse-Saul Maturity
  • Arrhenius Maturity
  • Strength Stimation

مراجع

[1] Malhotra VM, Carino NJ, editors. Nondestructive testing of concrete. New York, NY, USA:: CRC press; 2004.
[2] De Carufel S, Fahim A, Ghods P, Alizadeh A. Concrete maturity from theory to application. Giatec Scientific Inc. 2018; 20: 21.
[3] Dastan Diznab MA, Mosavi M, Karmi Mehrabadi M, Akhani M. Evaluation of heat transfer and rate of strength gain of concrete. Sharif Journal of Civil Engineering. 2021; 36(4.1): 131-139. doi: 10.24200/j30.2020.54432.2639 [In Persian] 
[4] Hosseini P, Naghian A, Abedi A. Innovative approach to sustainable construction: utilization of refined travertine processing by-products as partial cement replacement in eco-friendly concrete. Journal of Civil Infrastructure Researches. 2025; 11(1): 105-125. doi: 10.22091/CER.2025.11940.1588 [In Persian]
[5] Saadatkhosh M, Arezoumandi M, Pour Hosseini SH. Verification of mechanical properties provisions of existing codes for lightweight concrete. Journal of Civil Infrastructure Researches. 2018; 4(1): 41-55. doi: 10.22091/CER.2018.2951.1109 [In Persian]
[6]          Carino NJ. The maturity method: theory and application. Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates. 1984; 6(2): 61-73. doi: 10.1520/CCA10358J
[7] Anderson KW, Uhlmeyer JS, Kinne C, Pierce LM, Muench S. Use of the maturity method in accelerated PCCP construction. Olympia (WA): Washington State Department of Transportation; Report No: WA-RD 698.1. 2009.
[8] Johnson R, Hosten AM. Implementation of the concrete maturity meter for Maryland. Final report. Baltimore (MD): Maryland State Highway Administration; Report No.: MD-11-SP708B4K. 2011.
[9] Henault JW. Assessing ConnDOT's portland cement concrete testing methods phase II: field trials and implementation. Final report. Hartford (CT): Connecticut Department of Transportation; Report No: CT-2252-F-12-3. 2012.
[10] Azhar S. Utilization of the maturity method for concrete quality assurance in bridge substructure in Florida. Presented at: Transportation Research Board 85th Annual Meeting; Washington, DC, USA. 2006 Jan; 22-26.
[11] ASTM International. ASTM C1074-19e1: Standard practice for estimating concrete strength by the maturity method. West Conshohocken (PA): ASTM International; 2021. doi:10.1520/C1074-19E01
[12] Miller D, Ho NM, Talebian N. Monitoring of in-place strength in concrete structures using maturity method: an overview. Structures. 2022; 44: 1081-1104. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.08.077
[13] Soutsos MN, Turu’allo G, Owens K, Kwasny J, Barnett SJ, Basheer PAM. Maturity testing of lightweight self-compacting and vibrated concretes. Constr Build Mater. 2013; 47: 118-125. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.04.045 
[14] Boubekeur T, Ezziane K, Kadri EH. Estimation of mortar compressive strength at different curing temperatures by the maturity method. Constr Build Mater. 2014; 71: 299-307. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.08.084
[15] Galobardes I, Cavalaro SH, Goodier CI, Austin SA, Rueda Á. Maturity method to predict the evolution of the properties of sprayed concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2015; 79: 357-369. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.12.038
[16] Zhang J, Cusson D, Monteiro PJM, Harvey JT. New perspectives on maturity method and approach for high performance concrete applications. Cem Concr Res. 2008; 38(12): 1438-1446. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2008.08.001 
[17] Ibrahim MS, Moustafa MA, Shoaib S. Compressive strength and maturity of UHPC cubes and cylinders: new conversion factors and recommendations for early-age quality control. Scientific Reports. 2026; 16: 2450. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-32316-z
[18] Waller V, d’Aloia L, Cussigh F, Lecrux S. Using the maturity method in concrete cracking control at early ages. Cem Concr Compos. 2004; 26(5): 589-599. doi: 10.1016/S0958-9465(03)00080-5
[19] Yikici TA, Chen HLR. Use of maturity method to estimate compressive strength of mass concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2015; 95: 802-812. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.026
[20] Jin NJ, Seung I, Choi YS, Yeon J. Prediction of early-age compressive strength of epoxy resin concrete using the maturity method. Constr Build Mater. 2017; 152: 990-998. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.066
[21] Nandhini K, Karthikeyan J. The early-age prediction of concrete strength using maturity models: A review. J Build Pathol Rehabil. 2021; 6(1): 7. doi: 10.1007/s41024-020-00102-1
[22] Ryu GS, An GH, Yoon YS, Kim JY, Choi S. Evaluation of concrete compressive strength prediction using the maturity method incorporating various curing temperatures and binder compositions. Materials. 2024; 17(23): 5794. doi: 10.3390/ma17235794
[23] Wang L, Zhou H, Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhang L, Nehdi ML. Prediction of concrete strength considering thermal damage using a modified strength-maturity model. Construction and Building Materials. 2023; 400: 132779. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132779
[24] Kanavaris F, Soutsos M, Chen JF. Enabling sustainable rapid construction with high-volume GGBS concrete through elevated temperature curing and maturity testing. Journal of Building Engineering. 2023; 63: 105434. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105434
[25] ] Ju H, Xing L, Ali AH, El-Arab IE, Elshekh AE, Abbas M, Abdullah N, Elattar S, Hashmi A, Ali E, Assilzadeh H. Predicting concrete strength early age using a combination of machine learning and electromechanical impedance with nano-enhanced sensors. Environmental Research. 2024; 258: 119248. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119248
[26] ASTM International. ASTM C31/C31M-24: Standard practice for making and curing concrete test specimens in the field. West Conshohocken (PA): ASTM International; 2024.
[27] ASTM International. ASTM C42/C42M-20: Standard test method for obtaining and testing drilled cores and sawed beams of concrete. West Conshohocken (PA): ASTM International; 2020.
[28] ASTM International. ASTM C805/C805M-19: Standard test method for rebound number of hardened concrete. West Conshohocken (PA): ASTM International; 2019. 
[29] ASTM International. ASTM C900-25: Standard test method for pullout strength of hardened concrete. West Conshohocken (PA): ASTM International; 2025.
[30] ASTM International. ASTM C597-22: Standard test method for ultrasonic pulse velocity through concrete. West Conshohocken (PA): ASTM International; 2022. 
[31] ASTM International. ASTM C803/C803M-23: Standard test method for penetration resistance of hardened concrete. West Conshohocken (PA): ASTM International; 2023.
[32] Pinto RCA, Hover KC. Application of maturity approach to setting times. ACI Mater J. 1999; 96(6): 686-691. doi: 10.14359/795
[33] Hansen PF, Pedersen EJ. Maturity computer for controlled curing and hardening of concrete. Nordiska Betongfoerbundet. 1977; 1: 19-34.
[34] Carino NJ. The maturity method: theory and application. Cement, Concrete, and Aggregates. 1984; 6(2): 61-73. doi: 10.1520/CCA10358J
[35] Nixon J. Evaluation of the Maturity Method to Estimate Concrete Strength in Field Applications. Master's thesis. Auburn (AL): Auburn University. 2006.
[36] Demir T, Alyamaç KE. Development of numerical models to predict the compressive strength of high strength concretes based on maturity method. Fırat Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025; 37(1): 49-60. doi: 10.35234/fumbd.1464418 
[37] Kjellsen KO, Detwiler RJ. Later-age strength prediction by a modified maturity model. ACI Mater J. 1993; 90(3): 220-227.
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله
CAPTCHA Image
پژوهش های زیرساخت های عمرانی

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده
انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 13 تیر 1405

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار