ارزیابی آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای ساختمان‌‌های بیمارستانی بتن‌آرمه با استفاده از روش غربالگری سریع چشمی بر اساس ضوابط FEMA P-154 و نشریه 364

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان، ایران.

2 استاد ممتاز، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان، ایران.

3 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان، ایران.

چکیده

زلزله از جمله بلایای طبیعی است که با خود، آثار شدید فیزیکی و خسارت‌های اقتصادی و جانی را به همراه دارد. از این‌رو، ارزیابی میزان خسارت، آسیب‌پذیری و برنامه‌ریزی به‌منظور آمادگی و کاهش خطر قبل از وقوع زلزله، امری ضروری است. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای بیمارستان‌های موجود شهر کابل انجام شد. در پژوهش حاضر، 23 بیمارستان که دارای 60 ساختمان بتن آرمه موجود بودند با تکنیک غربالگری سریع چشمی (RVS) ارزیابی آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای شد. ساختمان‌ها براساس شاخص‌های کلیدی مصوب در  FEMA P-154و نشریه 364 نمره‌دهی و تحلیل شدند. در بررسی آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای هیچ یک از ساختمان‌ها حداقل امتیاز قابل‌قبول را کسب نکرد. علی‌رغم اینکه بیمارستان‌های شهر کابل در شرایط عادی فعال هستند؛ در شرایط بحرانی عواملی مانند ضعف مقاومت سازه‌ای، غیرسازه‌ای و رعایت ‌نکردن ضوابط طراحی می‌تواند سبب اختلال عملکرد و ناکارآمدی بیمارستان‌ها گردد. احتمال شکست این ساختمان‌ها با در نظر گرفتن امتیاز نهایی به ازای یک رخداد لرزه‌ای MCER بین 3.16 تا 45.6% بوده، به‌طوری که نشان‌دهنده این است که در زمان وقوع پدیده‌های مخرب چون زلزله، احتمال وارد شدن خسارت به ساختمان‌ها و خارج‌ شدن آنها از چرخه کاربری ویژه خود وجود خواهد داشت. با توجه ‌به نتایج پژوهش، احتمال آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای ساختمان‌های بیمارستانی بتن آرمه موجود در شهر کابل در زمان زلزله وجود دارد و درجه این آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای از کم تا زیاد متفاوت است. بنابراین این ساختمان‌ها باید مورد ارزیابی آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای کیفی قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Hospital Buildings Using Rapid Visual Screening Method According to FEMA P-154 criteria and Iranian Code #364

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdul Ali Raoufy 1
  • Ali Kheyroddin 2
  • Hosein Naderpour 3
1 Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
2 Distinguished Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
3 Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Earthquake is one of the natural disasters that have physical, economic and life-threatening outcomes. Therefore, in order to be prepared and reduce the risk before an earthquake occurs, the amount of damage and vulnerability assessments and planning are necessary. This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the seismic vulnerability of existing hospitals in Kabul City. In the present study, 23 hospitals that have 60 existing reinforced concrete buildings were assessed for seismic vulnerability using the Rapid Visual Screening technique. The buildings were scored and analyzed based on the key indicators approved in FEMA P-154 and Iranian Code #364. None of the buildings received Cut- Off Score in the seismic vulnerability assessment. Despite the hospitals of Kabul City are active under normal conditions; in critical conditions, factors such as weak structural and non-structural resistance and non-compliance with design criteria can cause malfunctions and ineffectiveness of hospitals. Considering the Final Scores, the probability of collapse attributed to these buildings in a MCE (Maximum Considered Earthquake) seismic event, are between 3.16 and 45.6%, which indicates that during the occurrence of destructive phenomena such as earthquakes, there will be a possibility of damaging the buildings and getting out of their special cycle of use. According to the result, there is a possibility of seismic vulnerability of existing reinforced concrete hospital buildings in Kabul City during an earthquake. The degree of this seismic vulnerability varies from low to high. Therefore, these buildings should be subjected to a detailed seismic vulnerability assessment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vulnerability assessment
  • Crisis prevention
  • Degree of vulnerability
  • Hospital building
  • Rapid Visual Screening (RVS)
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