Verification of mechanical properties provisions of existing codes for lightweight concrete

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Shahab Danesh University.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Shahab Danesh University.

Abstract

The demand for structural lightweight concrete (LWC) in many applications of modern construction is increasing. The use of lightweight aggregate concrete is beneficial in terms of reducing structural dead load, improving sound and thermal insulations, and ease of handling and transportation. A comprehensive literature review on mechanical properties of lightweight concrete including compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and flexural strength is presented. In addition, databases are created for mechanical properties of lightweight concrete in order to lead to changes or acceptance in design codes and standards’ provisions. These data were compared with the American, European, Australian, Japanese and Canadian standards provisions. Results of this study show that existing code provisions are not always conservative for mechanical properties of lightweight concrete. Furthermore, statistical analysis (nonlinear regression) has been performed on the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete and new relationships have been suggested for the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete.

Keywords

References

[1] ACI Committee 213, “Guide for Structural Lightweight aggregate Concrete”, Journal of the American Con-crete Institute 64, 1967(8), 433-469.
[2] ASTM, Standard Specification for Lightweight agregate Concrete for Structural Concrete, Designation: C330-99, 1-4
[3] Melby, K., Jordet, E. A., & Hansvold, C. (1996). “Long-span bridges in Norway constructed in high-strength LWA concrete”, Engineering structures, 18(11), 845-849.‏
[4] Chi, J. M., Huang, R., Yang, C. C., & Chang, J. J. (2003). “Effect of aggregate properties on the strength and stiffness of lightweight concrete”, Cement and Concrete Composites, 25(2), 197-205.‏
[5] Alexandre, J., & Nogueira, R. (2014). “Tensile Strength of Structural Expanded Clay Lightweight Concrete Subjected to Different Curing Conditions”, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 18(6), 1780-1791
[6] Chindaprasirt, P., Nuaklong, P., Zaetang, Y., Sujumnongtokul, P., & Sata, V. (2015). “Mechanical and ther-mal properties of recycling lightweight pervious concrete”, Arabian journal for science and engineering, 40(2), 443-450.
[7] Regin, J. J., Vincent, P., & Ganapathy, C. (2017). “Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Mechanical Properties and Chemical Resistance of Lightweight Coconut Shell Concrete”, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineer-ing, 42(3), 957-971. ‏
[8] Tanyildizi, H., & Coskun, A. (2008). “The effect of high temperature on compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of structural lightweight concrete containing fly ash”, Construction and Building Materi-als, 22(11), 2269-2275.
[9] Beigi, M., Hoseinian, B., & Shafigh, P. (2007). “High strength lightweight concrete whit lightweight aggregate, filler and silica fume”, Engineering Department Journal (Civil engineering), 19(1), 127-134.
[10] Entezari, A., & Esmaeili, J. (2010). “Mechanical properties of structural lightweight concrete”, Civil and Environmental Engineering journal, 40(2), 1-12.
[11] Baghi, M., & Yazdani, M. (2012). “Mechanical properties of structural lightweight concrete using artificial lightweight aggregate”, Concrete research journal, 6(2), 39-46.
[12] American Concrete Institute ACI Committee. (2013). “Building code requirements for structural concrete ACI 318-13 and commentary 318R-13”, Farmington Hills, MI, USA: American Concrete Institute.
[13] European Committee for Standardization. Eurocode No. 2, (2005). “Design of concrete structures. Part 1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings”.
[14] Standards Australia. (2009). “Concrete structures”, AS 3600, Sydney, Australia 
[15] Japan Society of Civil Engineers, “Standard Specification for Concrete Structure” Japanese Society of Civ-il Engineering No. 15, Tokyo, Japan. 
[16] AASHTO. Interim bridge design specifications and commentary. Washington (DC): American Association of Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO); 2006.
[17] CEB-FIP. High-strength concrete state of the art report. London: Thomas Telford; 1990.
[18] Akazawa, T. (1953). Tension Test Methods for Concretes, International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for-Materials and Structures (RILEM). Paris, Bulletin, 16, 11-23. 
[19] Carneiro, F. L. B. (1953). Concrete Tensile Strength, International Union of Testing and Research Labora-tories for Materials and Structures (RILEM). Paris, Bulletin, 13, 97-123. 
[20] Carino, N. J., & Lew, H. S. (1982). “Re-examination of the relation between splitting tensile and compres-sive strength of normal weight concrete”, In Journal Proceedings, 79(3), 214-219.
[21] Raphael, J.M. (1984). “Tensile strength of concrete”, ACI J, 81(2), 65-158.
[22] Ahmad, S. H., & Shah, S. P. (1985). “Structural properties of high strength concrete and its implications for precast prestressed concrete”, PCI Journal, 30(6), 92-119.
[23] http://bme.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/researches/detail/concreteDB/index.html
[24] Minitab 15 Statistical Software [Computer software]. Incorporation, Minitab
‏[25] Yasar, E., Atis, C. D., Kilic, A., & Gulsen, H. (2003). “Strength properties of lightweight concrete made with basaltic pumice and fly ash”, Materials Letters, 57(15), 2267-2270. ‏
[26] Lo, T. Y., Cui, H. Z., & Li, Z. G. (2004). “Influence of aggregate pre-wetting and fly ash on mechanical properties of lightweight concrete”, Waste Management, 24(4), 333-338.
[27] Ozyildirim, H. C. (2011). Laboratory investigation of lightweight concrete properties (No. FHWA/VCTIR 11-R17). ‏
[28] Tassew, S. T., & Lubell, A. S. (2012). “Mechanical properties of lightweight ceramic concrete”, Materials and structures, 45(4), 561-574.
[29] Lee, H. S., Ismail, M. A., Woo, Y. J., Min, T. B., & Choi, H. K. (2014). “Fundamental study on the devel-opment of structural lightweight concrete by using normal coarse aggregate and foaming agent”, materials, 7(6), 4536-4554.
[30] Hamad, A. J. (2014). “Materials, production, properties and application of aerated lightweight concrete”, International Journal of Materials Science and Engineering, 2(2), 152-157. ‏
[31] Tasdemir, C., Sengul, O., & Tasdemir, M. A. (2017). “A comparative study on the thermal conductivities and mechanical properties of lightweight concretes”, Energy and Buildings, 151, 469-475.
[32] CSA CAN3-A23.3. (2004). Design of concrete standards for buildings (pp. 53–61). 5-15, (2003). 
[33] Jobse, H. J., & Moustafa, S. E. (1984). “Applications of high strength concrete for highway bridges”, PRE-CAST/PRESTRESSED CONCRETE INSTITUTE. JOURNAL, 29(3).‏
[34] Cook JE. 10,000 psi concrete. Concr Int (1989). 11(10), 67–75.
Send comment about this article
CAPTCHA Image
Civil Infrastructure Researches
Volume 4, Issue 1 - Serial Number 6
September 2018
Pages 41-55

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics