Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Using Base Materials Containing Recycled Concrete Aggregates on the Performance of Asphalt Pavements Considering Nonlinear Behavior of Materials

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor at Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran.

2 Department of Civil Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran

Abstract

In this study, the effect of adding different percentages of recycled concrete aggregates to aggregate base layer materials on the fatigue and rutting life of pavement has been investigated. In the performed analyzes, nonlinear analysis by NonPAS software has been used.  To this end six four-layered pavement sections with different layers thickness were analyzed for three types of very soft, soft and medium clay subgrade soil. The behavior of asphalt layer materials was considered as linear elastic and the behavior of base, subbase and subgrade materials was considered as nonlinear elastic. In all sections of pavement, the use of 0 to 100% of  recycled concrete aggregates for all subgrades, at least 61.6% and maximum 198.5% increases the  fatigue life and at least -22.6% and maximum 88.4% increases rutting life. In very soft clay subgarde, in thicknesses above 20 cm for the base layer and thicknesses above 30 cm for the subbase layer, it is possible to use recycled concrete materials. In medium clay subgrades, in thicknesses above 15 cm for the base layer, thicknesses above 20 cm for the subbase layer and also thicknesses above 15 cm for the asphalt layer, it is possible to use recycled concrete materials. In hard subgardes, there is no special considerations in terms of the thickness of pavement layers for the use of  recycled concrete materials.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Rahrovan, M. (1395). "Assessment of reclaimed asphalt pavement material and subgrade soil mix stabilized with Portland cement and lime", M.S Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Yazd University.
[2] USGS (United States Geologic Survey). (2019). “Mineral commodity summaries”,  U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.
[3] Lu, C., Chen, J., Gu, C., Wang, J., Cai, Y., Zhang, T & Lin, G. (2021). “Resilient and permanent deformation behaviors of construction and demolition wastes in unbound pavement base and subbase applications”, Transportation Geotechnics, 28, 100541.
[4] US EPA. (2020). “advancing sustainable materials management: 2018 fact sheet”, Assessing Trends in Materials Generation and Management in the United States.
[5] Akhtar, A. and Sarmah, A. K, (2018). “Construction and demolition waste generation and properties of recycled aggregate concrete: a global perspective”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 186, 262–281.
[6] American College Personnel Association (ACPA). (1993). “Concrete Paving Technology: Recycling Concrete Pavement”, American Concrete Pavement Association: Skokie, Illinois.
[7] Ashtiani, R. S. (2009). “Anisotropic characterization and performance prediction of chemically and hydraulically bounded pavement foundations”, Ph.D. Thesis, Texas A&M University, College Station: Texas.
[8] Williams, B. A., Copeland, A., & Ross, C. T. (2018). “Asphalt Pavement Industry Survey on Recycled Materials and Warm-Mix Asphalt Usage: 2017, Information Series 138 (8th edition) ”, In National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA): Lanham.
[9] ACPA (American Concrete Pavement Association). (2019). “Why recycled concrete pavements?”, http://1204075.sites.myregisteredsite.com/downloads/TS/EB043P/TS043.1P.pdf, last accessed 2019/10/2019.
[10] Arulrajah, A., Piratheepan, J., Aatheesan, T., & Bo, M. W. (2011). “Geotechnical Properties of Recycled Crushed Brick in Pavement Applications”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 23(10), 1444–1452.
[11] Fraj, A. B., & Idir, R. (2017). “Concrete based on recycled aggregates–Recycling and environmental analysis: A case study of paris’ region”, Construction and Building Materials, 157, 952-964.
[12] Butler, L., Tighe, S., West, J. (2013). “Guidelines for Selection and Use of Coarse Recycled-Concrete Aggregates in Structural Concrete”, Transportation Research Record, 2335, 3-12.
[13] Poon, C. S., & Chan, D.X. (2006). “Feasible use of recycled concrete aggregates and crushed clay brick as unbound road sub-base”, Construction and Building Materials, 20(8), 578–585. 
[14] Gharibloo, A. (1391). "Technical evaluation of recycled concrete material and recycled construction material in sub-base layer of highways, M.S Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University.
[15] Bennert, T., Papp Jr, W. J., Maher, A., & Gucunski, N. (2000). “Utilization of construction and demolition debris under traffic-type loading in base and subbase applications”, Transportation Research Record, 1714, 33–39. 
[16] Saberi, S. S., Mohamed, A., & Eltwati, A. S. (2021). “Mechanical And Physical Properties Of Recycled Concrete Aggregates For Road Base Materials”,  In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, IOP Publishing, 1973(1). 
[17] Gu, C., Ye, X., Cao, Z., Cai, Y., Wang, J., & Zhang, T. (2020). “Resilient behavior of coarse granular materials in three dimensional anisotropic stress state”, Engineering Geology, 279, 105848. 
[18] Titi, H. h, Elias, M. b, & Helwany, S. (2006). “Determination of typical resilient modulus values for selected soils in Wisconsin (Final Report 0092-03-11) ”, Office of Research Services and Administration, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. http://wisdotresearch.wi.gov/wp-content/uploads/0092-08-12_RFP1.
[19] Hicks, R. G., & Monismith, C. L. (1971). “Factors influencing the resilient response of granular materials”, Highway Research Record, 345, 15–31.
[20] Uzan, J. (1985). “Granular Material Characterization”,  Transportation Research Record, 1022, 52–59.
[21] Witczak, M. W., & Uzan, J. (1998). “The Universal Airport Pavement Design System: Granular Material Characterization”, In University of Maryland, Department of Civil Engineering: College Park, Md.
[22] NCHRP. (2004). “Guide for Mechanistic–Empirical Design of New and Rehabilitated Pavement Structures (Final Report for Project 1-37A)”, In National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.
[23] Andrei, D., Witczak, M. W., Schwartz, C. W., & Uzan, J. (2004). “Harmonized resilient modulus test method for unbound pavement materials”, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1874(1), 29–37.
[24] NCHRP. (1997). “aboratory Determination of Resilient Modulus for Flexible Pavement Design (Web Document 14 for Project 1-28) ”, In National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.
[25] Ghanizadeh, A. R., & Ziaie, A. (2015). “NonPAS : A Program for Nonlinear Analysis of Flexible Pavements”, International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 7(1), 21–28.
[26] Park, H. I., Kweon, G. C., & Lee, S. R. (2009). “Prediction of resilient modulus of granular subgrade soils and subbase materials using artificial neural network”, Road Materials and Pavement Design, 10(3), 647–665. 
[27] Shook, J. F. (1982). “Thickness Design of Asphalt Pavements—The Asphalt Institute Method”, Proceedings, 5th International Conference on Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Delft university of Technology, The Netherlands, 1, 17-44.
[28] Asphalt Institute (AI). (1982). “Research and Development of the Asphalt Institute’s Thickness Design (MS-1)”, Research Rep. 82–2, 9th ed, Asphalt Institute.
Send comment about this article
CAPTCHA Image

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics